David Packard
| David Packard | |
|---|---|
| Born | September 7, 1912 Pueblo, Colorado |
| Died | March 26, 1996 (aged 83) Stanford, California |
| Education | Stanford University, BA (1934), MA (1939) |
| Known for | Hewlett-Packard Company (HP) |
| Home town | Pueblo, Colorado |
| Spouse | Lucile Salter (d. 1987) |
| Children | David, Nancy, Susan, and Julie |
David Packard (September 7, 1912 – March 26, 1996) was a co-founder of Hewlett-Packard (1939), serving as president (1947–1964), CEO (1964–1968), and Chairman of the Board (1964–1968, 1972–1993). He served as U.S. Deputy Secretary of Defense from 1969–1971 during the Nixon administration. Packard was the recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1988 and is noted for many technological innovations and philanthropic endeavors.
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Personal
David Packard was born in Pueblo, Colorado, and attended Centennial High School, where early on he showed an interest in science, engineering, sports, and leadership.[1] He earned his B.A. from Stanford University in 1934, where he earned letters in football and basketball and attained membership in the Phi Beta Kappa Society.[2] Stanford is where he met two people who were important to his life: Lucile Salter and William Reddington Hewlett.[3] Packard then briefly attended the University of Colorado before he left to work for the General Electric Company in Schenectady, New York. In 1938, he returned to Stanford from New York, where he earned a master's degree in Electrical Engineering in 1938.[3] In the same year, he married Lucile Salter, with whom he had four children: David, Nancy, Susan, and Julie. Lucile Packard died in 1987.
Hewlett-Packard
In 1939, Packard and Hewlett established Hewlett-Packard (HP) in Packard's garage with an initial capital investment of $538.[1][3] Packard mentions in his book The HP Way that the name Hewlett-Packard was determined by the flip of a coin: HP, rather than PH.[3][4] Their first product was a sound oscillator sold to Walt Disney Studios for use on the soundtrack of Fantasia.[3] The HP Way describes HPs' management philosophy, which encourages creativity and shuns traditional business hierarchy and formality.[5] During World War II HP produced radio, sonar, radar, nautical, and aviation devices.[5]
The company, where Packard proved to be an expert administrator and Hewlett provided many technical innovations,[3] grew into the world's largest producer of electronic testing and measurement devices. It also became a major producer of calculators, computers, and laser and ink jet printers.
HP incorporated in 1947, with Packard becoming its first president, serving in that role until 1964; he was then elected Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board, holding these positions through 1968.[6] He left HP in 1969 to serve in the Nixon administration until 1971, at which time he returned to HP and was re-elected Chairman of the Board, serving from 1972 to 1993. In 1991, Packard oversaw a major reorganization at HP.[5] He retired from HP in 1993. At the time of his death in 1996, Packard's stake in the company was worth more than $1 billion.
Defense Department
Upon entering office in 1969, President Richard M. Nixon appointed Packard U.S. Deputy Secretary of Defense under Secretary of Defense Melvin Laird.[3] Packard resigned in December 1971[7][8] and returned to Hewlett-Packard in 1972 as Chairman of the Board.
While serving in the DoD, he brought concepts of resource management used in business to the military, as well as establishing the Defense Systems Management College.[9]
Near the end of his time at DoD, Packard wrote the "Packard Memo" or "Employment of Military Resources in the Event of Civil Disturbances".[10] Enacted in February 1972, the Act[11] describes exceptions to the 1878 Posse Comitatus Act, which limited the powers of the federal government to use the U.S. military for law enforcement, except where expressly authorized by the Constitution or Act of Congress — noting that the Constitution provides an exception when needed "to prevent loss of life or wanton destruction of property and to restore governmental functioning and public order when sudden and unexpected civil disturbances, disasters, or calamities seriously endanger life and property and disrupt normal governmental functions to such an extent that duly constituted local authorities are unable to control the situations" and "to protect Federal property and Federal governmental functions when the need for protection exists and duly constituted local authorities are unable or decline to provide adequate protection".[12] § 214.5 states that "employment of DoD military resources for assistance to civil authorities in controlling civil disturbances will normally be predicated upon the issuance of a Presidential Executive order or Presidential directive authorizing", with exceptions "limited to:
- Cases of sudden and unexpected emergencies as described in §215.4(c)(1)(i), which require that immediate military action be taken.
- Providing military resources to civil authorities as prescribed in §215.9 of this part."[13]
According to Lindorff, these exceptions essentially reinstate the possibility of Martial law in the U.S., prohibited since 1878.[14]
In the 1970s and 1980s Packard was a prominent advisor to the White House on defense procurement and management. In 1985-86, he served as chairman of The Packard Commission.
Philanthropy
From the early 1980s until his death in 1996, Packard dedicated much of his time and money to philanthropic projects. Prompted by their daughters Nancy Packard Burnett and Julie Packard, in 1978 Dave and Lucile Packard created the Monterey Bay Aquarium Foundation. The couple eventually donated $55 million to build the new aquarium, which opened in 1984 with Julie Packard as executive director.[1] In 1987, Packard gave $13 million to create the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute,[1] and the David and Lucile Packard Foundation has since provided about 90% of the Institute's operating budget. For his philanthropic efforts, he was awarded the United States Military Academy's Sylvanus Thayer Award in 1982.
In 1964, the couple founded the David and Lucile Packard Foundation. In 1986, they donated $40 million toward building what became the Lucile Packard Children's Hospital at Stanford University; the new hospital opened in June 1991.
David Packard died on March 26, 1996 at age 83 in Stanford, California, leaving the bulk of his estate to the David and Lucile Packard Foundation.[5]
On his death, his will gave approximately $4 billion to the Packard Foundation, including large amounts of valuable real property in Los Altos Hills. All three Packard daughters sit on the Foundation's board of trustees.
Honors
On October 17, 1988, Packard was presented the nation's highest civilian honor — the Presidential Medal of Freedom — by President Ronald Reagan. The citation reads:[15]
| “ |
Accomplished businessman and skillful manager, noted philanthropist and public servant of the highest integrity -- David Packard has had a legendary life and career. Dedicated to furthering the pursuit of scientific, technological, and human progress, devoted to his country and the cause of keeping her strong in a dangerous world, David Packard has served the American people effectively, generously, and proudly. |
” |
Packard was awarded the IEEE Founders Medal in 1973 along with fellow recipient William R. Hewlett "For leadership in the development of electronic instruments, for creative management of an industrial activity, and for their unselfish public service."[2]
He was awarded the Vermilye Medal in 1975 and Bower Award in Business Leadership, both from The Franklin Institute in 1996.
Packard's old home and garage in Palo Alto were placed on the California registry of historic places as "The Birthplace of Silicon Valley".[3] On December 6, 2006, California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger inducted the Packard Family into the California Hall of Fame located at The California Museum for History, Women, and the Arts. California First Lady Maria Shriver founded the California Hall of Fame "to honor Californians who dared to dream, and have become role models by inspiring new generations to imagine, invent, influence and create".
In 1982, Packard was the recipient of Association of Graduates of the United States Military Academy's Sylvanus Thayer Award, honoring his "extraordinary achievements in the national interest, his dedication to the principles of selfless leadership, and his unqualified giving of his enormous talent to the national community".[9]
In 1986, Packard received the highest honor given by the American Enterprise Institute, the Francis Boyer Award. He served for several years on AEI's board of trustees.
Mr. Packard was inducted into the Junior Achievement U.S. Business Hall of Fame in 1988.
In 1997, along with William R. Hewlett, he was awarded the 3rd Annual Heinz Award Chairman's Medal.[16]
David Packard also had an oil tanker named for him. The David Packard, built in 1977, was operated for Chevron, had a capacity 406,592 long tons deadweight (DWT), and was registered under the Bahamian flag.
See also
- List of wealthiest foundations
- David and Lucile Packard Foundation
- Committee on the Present Danger
Notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "Official biography at Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute". Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute. http://www.mbari.org/about/packard.html. Retrieved 2008-09-28.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 IEEE (1973). "IEEE-David Pakard, 1912-1996". IEEE History Center. http://www.ieee.org/web/aboutus/history_center/biography/packard.html. Retrieved 2009-09-03.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 "David Packard, 1912-1996". Archive.org. http://web.archive.org/web/20070207145215/http://obits.com/packarddavid.html. Retrieved 2008-09-28.
- ↑ Packard, David (1995). HP Way: How Bill Hewlett and I Built Our Company. Collins.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 "Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipient David Packard". medaloffreedom.com. http://www.medaloffreedom.com/DavidPackard.htm. Retrieved 2008-09-20.
- ↑ "David Packard (1912-1996), Co-founder". Former Executive Bios. Hewlett-Packard. http://www.hp.com/hpinfo/execteam/bios/packard.html. Retrieved 2008-09-20.
- ↑ "1971". The Public Papers of President Richard Nixon. http://www.jfklink.com/speeches/rmn/publicpapers/1971/rn_contents_papers1971.html. Retrieved 2008-09-21. "Letter Accepting the Resignation of David Packard as Deputy Secretary of Defense. December 11, 1971"
- ↑ "Nixon Letter Accepting the Resignation of David Packard as Deputy Secretary of Defense & Packard's rsignation letter". Published by John T. Woolley and Gerhard Peters,The American Presidency Project [online]. Santa Barbara, CA: University of California (hosted), Gerhard Peters (database). December 11, 1971. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=3257. Retrieved 2008-10-10.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 "1982 Sylvanus Thayer Award to David Packard". Association of Graduates of the United States Military Academy. http://www.westpointaog.net/NetCommunity/Page.aspx?pid=475. Retrieved 2008-10-10.
- ↑ Liberato, Major Rodney, USAF (September 2007) (PDF). A New Department of Defense Framework for Efficient Defense Support of Civil Authorities. Master's thesis, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California. p. 18. http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA474059. Retrieved 2008-09-21.
- ↑ Title 32: National Defense — Part 214–Employment of Military Resources in the Event of Civil Disturbances, February 18, 1972.
- ↑ 32 U.S.C. § 214.4 Legal consideration.
- ↑ 32 U.S.C. § 214.5 Policies
- ↑ Lindorff, David (April 1988). "Could It Happen Here?". Mother Jones (magazine).
- ↑ Reagan, Ronald (October 17, 1988). "Remarks at the Presentation Ceremony for the Presidential Medal of Freedom". Ronald Reagan Presidential Library. http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/speeches/1988/101788b.htm. Retrieved 2008-09-20.
- ↑ The Heinz Awards, William R. Hewlett and David Packard profile
References
- "David Packard (1912-1996), Co-founder". Former Executive Bios. Hewlett-Packard. http://www.hp.com/hpinfo/execteam/bios/packard.html.
- Packard, David (1995). HP Way: How Bill Hewlett and I Built Our Company. Collins.
External links
- Packard, David (c. 1992). "The HP Way". http://www.hpalumni.org/hp_way.htm.
- "Lucile Packard Children's Hospital website". http://www.lpch.org/. Retrieved 2008-09-20.
| Business positions | ||
|---|---|---|
| New title | President of Hewlett-Packard 1947–1971 |
Succeeded by William Hewlett |
| Chief Executive Officer of Hewlett-Packard 1964–1971 |
||
| Chairman of Hewlett-Packard 1964–1993 |
Succeeded by Lewis E. Platt |
|
| Political offices | ||
| Preceded by Paul Nitze |
United States Deputy Secretary of Defense 1969–1971 |
Succeeded by Bill Clements |
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